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The 6.0-magnitude earthquake that struck southern Taiwan on Tuesday had only a minimal impact on the operations of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., the world’s leading semiconductor foundry.
However, the event raised renewed concerns over the supply chain impact of future potential disasters in the country.
TSMC Avoids Major Disruption
The earthquake impacted southern Taiwan on January 21 at 12:17 a.m. local time, according to the U.S. Geological Survey, inflicting minor damage and leaving 15 people with slight injuries. The USGS issued a green alert, indicating a low likelihood of fatalities. Total damages ranged from $1 million to $100 million, the USGS estimated.
TSMC ordered a temporary evacuation of staff at its fabs in central and southern Taiwan. The company reported that inspections revealed all facilities remained structurally sound. TSMC noted that its water, power and workplace safety systems were fully operational. Furthermore, TSMC stated that its construction sites were unaffected and continued without interruption.
“Post-earthquake structural inspections have been completed at all sites, confirming that the structures are safe and operations are gradually resuming,” TSMC said in a statement emailed to the media. “Currently, the water supply, power, and workplace safety systems are functioning normally and all TSMC’s sites are operating. Detailed inspections and impact assessments are ongoing.”
Taiwan’s Precarious Position
Taiwan is highly prone to earthquakes, with 25 significant events occurring since 2020. The most recent major temblor was the Hualien earthquake on April 3, 2024, a 7.4-magnitude event that struck the east of the nation. Moreover, the country faces an ongoing military threat from China.
For the global electronics supply chain, Taiwan’s precarious position represents a major risk. With control of the world’s most advanced semiconductor manufacturing process technologies, TSMC plays an essential role in enabling today’s most important technology players, including serving as the semiconductor manufacturer for AI chip leader Nvidia.
TSMC’s most advanced fab, which produces chips using a 3nm process, is located in the city of Tainan, near the epicenter of Tuesday’s quake. While the company has moved to geographically diversify its production base, including constructing new fabs in the state of Arizona in the U.S., the bulk of its advanced production is set to remain in Taiwan.
Looking Ahead
With no damage to TSMC’s operations, Supplyframe expects that the earthquake will not significantly impact semiconductor supplies from Taiwan. TSMC and other Taiwan-based firms have extensive experience handling the aftermath of earthquakes and have demonstrated their ability to recover quickly from disasters.
Moreover, the earthquake occurred at a time when demand for semiconductors is at low risk. The Supplyframe Commodity IQ Market Dynamics Forecast for ASICs indicates that demand and lead time conditions are stable in Q1.
The continued threat of supply disruptions from Taiwan highlights the need for continuous investment in disaster preparedness while reinforcing the global industry’s requirement to geographically diversify the supply base to ensure continuity of supply.